How an air conditioner works. Key Features - Setafi

After reading the material below, you will learn - what is the name of the air conditioner, which heats and cools, the principle of operation air conditioner for cooling, the principle of operation of the air conditioner for heating, which is better for heating: air conditioning or heater.

Air conditioning - what is it, purpose, types, design. What is the name of the heating and cooling models of air conditioners.

An air conditioner is a microclimatic technique for regulating the climate in a closed room. The air conditioner can ventilate / ventilate, filter, cool and heat the air. The purpose is to create comfortable microclimate conditions in the room.

There are two types of air conditioners:

• Monoblock
• Split systems or two-block

Air conditioners that can heat and cool air are called split systems.

Monoblock models are solid metal boxes, one part of which is inside the house, and the other is outside. Of the design features - consists of a pipeline, a compressor, fans, a control panel, a condensate container.

Split systems consist of two blocks - external and internal. External is installed outside the room, internal inside. The indoor unit consists of:

• Corps
• front panel
• Sensors
• air filter
• Air intake grilles
• Exhaust air openings
• fan
• Piping (part of the refrigeration circuit with freon inside)

Depending on the model, the thermostatic valve is located either in the inside of the split system or in the outside.

External block:

• Pipeline with freon
• Compressor
• Fan
• Frame
• Air intake grille
• Air outlet grilles

The principle of operation of the air conditioner

The principle of operation of the air conditioner is based on the property of liquids to absorb and release heat, depending on the state of aggregation and pressure. Such liquids are called refrigerants.

First, the air conditioner blows air from the room with a fan. At this time, gaseous freon goes to the compressor in the outdoor unit. The compressor compresses it, the pressure rises in the refrigerant, it heats up. After it is blown by a fan with street air, which takes heat from the gas, and freon turns into a cold liquid. It is piped through the expansion valve to the inside of the air conditioner. There, tubes with cold liquid freon blow air from the room. Freon absorbs its heat, becoming gaseous again. Cold air comes out of the outlet.

The principle of operation of the air conditioner in heating mode

The principle of operation of the air conditioner in heating mode is the same as the standard one. Only the direction of freon is reversed - the expansion valve changes the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit.

Liquid freon is pumped into the outdoor unit, where it is blown by a fan with street air. The refrigerant reaches the compressor. It also compresses it, increases the pressure. Because of this, freon turns into a hot gas. Through the pipeline, it enters the indoor unit, where it is blown by a fan with air from the room. The air is heated from the tube with freon and exits the air conditioner.

Which is better: air conditioning or heater

Often in the off-season and in winter, people use various heaters for heating. It is convenient, comfortable and habitual. But they have a couple of drawbacks - low heat transfer and high consumption. For example, the input and output power of an oil heater is 2 kilowatts. Such a high consumption due to the heating element - a tubular electric heater. He spends the most energy.

There is no heating element in air conditioners. All energy goes to power the fans, compressor, indicators. That is, the energy consumption of the air conditioner is lower than that of heaters - 700 watts. The air conditioner produces almost 3 kilowatts.

So the air conditioner is better? No. The air conditioner has less power consumption and higher power output. But this is due to the fact that it gives off heat to the air, and not to the objects in the room. Heaters, on the other hand, heat objects, turning them into secondary heat sources - after heating, they already give off heat to other objects, users, and air.

For heating, air conditioning is best used in early autumn / spring. At this time, it is still not very cold, and the device will create a comfortable air temperature. Heaters are more suitable for the late autumn / spring period.