It is a subspecies of white cabbage. In the first year it forms a short shoot-stalk, on which heads are formed. The leaves are large, different shades of green, inside the heads are light green. It differs from ordinary white cabbage in that the leaves are not smooth, but bubbly, the head of cabbage has a loose structure. The mass of the heads, depending on the grade of 0.5 - 3 kg. In terms of yield, savoy cabbage is inferior to white cabbage, but it differs in taste, high in protein and vitamins. In the second year, the plant throws out a long branched stem, on which inflorescences are formed. Seeds remain viable for up to 5 years.
Requirements for soil, temperature and humidity
Savoy cabbage is a light-loving plant. Long daylight hours have a favorable effect on the formation of heads.
From all types of cabbage, Savoy cabbage is highly frost resistant. Some of her late-ripening varieties are particularly resistant to cold. Seed germination occurs already at a temperature of + 3 ° C, and intensive growth of seedlings occurs at 16-18 ° C.Temporary cooling to 8 ° C, slow down the development of plants, but do not stop it. Sprouts of medium and early varieties tolerate short-term frosts up to -1-2 ° С, late ones - up to -5-6 ° С.
The seedlings of the Savoy cabbage tolerate a lack of moisture better than other types of cabbage, but adult plants are moisture-loving. Moisture is intensely evaporated through large leaves, and the plants need regular watering.
Culture prefers fertile soils and is responsive to fertilizers. Later varieties are more demanding to feed, than early ones. When growing Savoy cabbage in the Urals and in the Middle zone, mineral fertilizers are used predominantly. The specificity of these regions is such that during the short summer only early ripening varieties have time to form. Plants grow quickly, and organics rot slowly, lagging behind this process.
Read also: Useful properties of radish
The bad predecessors of Savoy cabbage are: radish, turnip, radish, cabbage, tomatoes, good - potatoes, carrots, legumes. Change the location of the Savoy cabbage need annually. Re-planting vegetables on the beds is recommended no earlier than 4 years.
Popular varieties of savoy cabbage
Depending on the maturation period, varieties of savoy cabbage are divided into:
- early ripening - 105-120 days;
- mid-season - 120-135 days;
- late ripening - more than 135 days.
Popular varieties of savoy cabbage early maturing:
- Golden Early. Weight of heads up to 1 kg. Resistant to cracking.
- Anniversary. Weight of heads up to 0.8 kg. Prone to cracking.
- Mila 1. Weight of heads up to 3 kg. Yield that can be grown on heavy soils.
- Julius F1 Weight of heads 1.5-3 kg. Ultra early hybrid.
Popular varieties of savoy cabbage middle ripening:
- Melissa F1 Heads up to 3 kg. Hybrid resistant to cracking.
- Sphere. Weight of heads up to 2.5 kg. Resistant to cracking.
Popular varieties of savoy cabbage late ripening:
- Ovasa F1 High-yielding hybrid bred in Holland.
- I twirl 1340. The mass of heads up to 3 kg. High-yielding variety.
- Verosa F1.Weight of heads up to 3 kg. Frost-resistant hybrid. Suitable for long term storage.
- Mora F1.Weight of heads up to 4 kg. Hybrid - the result of crossing Savoy and white cabbage. Leaf surface is smoother.
Read also: Sweet "bitter" pepper?
Growing sprouts of savoy cabbage and planting in the ground
How to grow savoy cabbage?
First of all, you need to prepare the ground. Before the autumn digging, organic fertilizers are applied at the rate of 5 kg / 1 m2.Spring soil is harrowed to fill with moisture. Before planting the cabbage, they dig up the plot to a depth of 15 cm.
The seeds of early ripening varieties are planted in seedlings in mid-March, medium and late ripening - in mid-April. After the appearance of sprouts, the temperature is reduced to 8-10 ° C.
Watering begins when the embryonic leaves appear. Watering seedlings produced in the morning with subsequent airing. In bright sun, seedlings are shaved with a newspaper dipped in water.
Dive the seedlings in about 2 weeks. Cabbage is recommended to replant in nutrient pots. The root of the plant is pruned to a third of the length.
Disembarking is carried out in 40-45 days. By this time 4-5 of these sheets should be formed. For early varieties in the garden choose well-lit areas preferably on the southern slope. If the weather keeps cool, the plants in order to avoid strelkovaniya cover film or caps.
Planting of early ripe varieties can be divided into several terms by the end of May. Mid-season and late-ripening - planted in June and early July.
Savoy cabbage planting schemes:
- early ripening –35x40 cm;
- mid-season - 50x50 cm;
- late ripening - 60x60 cm.
Young plants planted in the ground are recommended for 2-3 days to shade.
Care
Care for Savoy cabbage includes weeding, watering, feeding, pest control.
Read also: The hilling of potatoes with the
motoblock The first loosening of the soil 5-7 cm deep is done after the plants are planted in the ground. As it grows, the depth of loosening is increased to 15 cm. The denser the soil, the deeper it needs to be loosened. After 3-4 weeks the plants spud.
Watering is done once a week; in hot weather, the frequency should be increased. Early maturing varieties are particularly demanding on moisture in May, mid-season and late-ripening varieties - in July-August.
After the cabbage begins to grow, perform the first feeding. From organics use mullein( 1:10).
The following mineral fertilizers are used:
- water - 10 l;
- urea - 15 g;
- superphosphate - 40 g;
- potash fertilizer - 15g.
The following dressing is performed in the curling phase of the head. During this period, the concentration of phosphate and potash fertilizers is increased 1.5 times.
Savoy cabbage to a lesser extent than white cabbage is prone to pests. Periodically, the leaves are inspected, eggs are removed. Powder ash is also used to control pests.
Harvesting and storage of
Savoy cabbage collection has been produced since the end of June. It is important to timely remove the cabbages prone to cracking. There is also a way to prevent cracking. To do this, remove the lower leaves or cut the root with a spade.
Late varieties tolerate cooling and slight freezing. Taking advantage of this feature, some gardeners leave cabbage in the winter on the beds under a layer of snow and cut as necessary, raking the snow.
Store savoy cabbage in boxes or on shelves, arranged in one row. The optimum storage temperature is -1-3 ° C.
Interesting information about cabbage
